Mmyo-Inositol

Myo-inositol and its derivatives have found widespread applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and food industries. More recently, biotechnological methods have emerged as promising alternatives for myo-inositol production, offering cost-effective and sustainable approaches utilizing readily available raw materials. This comprehensive review aims to provide a detailed account of the advancements, current status, and future prospects of myo-inositol production, including traditional chemical acid hydrolysis, microbial fermentation, and in vitro enzymatic biocatalysis.

MBS545955 | D-myo-Inositol
MBS641632 | SLC5A3, ID (Solute Carrier Family 5 Member 3, Na(+)/myo-inositol Cotransporter, Sodium/myo-inositol Cotransporter, SMIT, Sodium/myo-inositol Cotransporter 1)
MBS642008 | SLC2A13, ID (SLC2A13, Proton myo-inositol cotransporter, H(+)-myo-inositol symporter)
MBS6025054 | myo-Inositol-d6
MBS6133836 | SLC5A3 (Sodium/Myo-inositol Cotransporter, Na(+)/Myo-inositol Cotransporter, Sodium/Myo-inositol Transporter 1, SMIT1, Solute Carrier Family 5 Member 3) (AP)
MBS6149745 | SLC5A3 (Sodium/Myo-inositol Cotransporter, Na(+)/Myo-inositol Cotransporter, Sodium/Myo-inositol Transporter 1, SMIT1, Solute Carrier Family 5 Member 3) (FITC)
MBS6192700 | SLC5A3 (Sodium/Myo-inositol Cotransporter, Na(+)/Myo-inositol Cotransporter, Sodium/Myo-inositol Transporter 1, SMIT1, Solute Carrier Family 5 Member 3) (MaxLight 405)
MBS6224725 | SLC5A3 (Sodium/Myo-inositol Cotransporter, Na(+)/Myo-inositol Cotransporter, Sodium/Myo-inositol Transporter 1, SMIT1, Solute Carrier Family 5 Member 3) (MaxLight 650)
MBS6235400 | SLC5A3 (Sodium/Myo-inositol Cotransporter, Na(+)/Myo-inositol Cotransporter, Sodium/Myo-inositol Transporter 1, SMIT1, Solute Carrier Family 5 Member 3) (MaxLight 750)
MBS6348319 | SLC2A13, ID (SLC2A13, Proton myo-inositol cotransporter, H(+)-myo-inositol symporter) (AP)
MBS6348320 | SLC2A13, ID (SLC2A13, Proton myo-inositol cotransporter, H(+)-myo-inositol symporter) (APC)
MBS6348321 | SLC2A13, ID (SLC2A13, Proton myo-inositol cotransporter, H(+)-myo-inositol symporter) (Biotin)
MBS6348322 | SLC2A13, ID (SLC2A13, Proton myo-inositol cotransporter, H(+)-myo-inositol symporter) (FITC)
MBS6348323 | SLC2A13, ID (SLC2A13, Proton myo-inositol cotransporter, H(+)-myo-inositol symporter) (Azide free) (HRP)
MBS6348324 | SLC2A13, ID (SLC2A13, Proton myo-inositol cotransporter, H(+)-myo-inositol symporter) (MaxLight 405)
MBS6348325 | SLC2A13, ID (SLC2A13, Proton myo-inositol cotransporter, H(+)-myo-inositol symporter) (MaxLight 490)
MBS6348326 | SLC2A13, ID (SLC2A13, Proton myo-inositol cotransporter, H(+)-myo-inositol symporter) (MaxLight 550)
MBS6348327 | SLC2A13, ID (SLC2A13, Proton myo-inositol cotransporter, H(+)-myo-inositol symporter) (MaxLight 650)
MBS6348328 | SLC2A13, ID (SLC2A13, Proton myo-inositol cotransporter, H(+)-myo-inositol symporter) (MaxLight 750)
MBS6348329 | SLC2A13, ID (SLC2A13, Proton myo-inositol cotransporter, H(+)-myo-inositol symporter) (PE)

Conventional chemical acid hydrolysis of phytate has been associated with challenges such as phosphorous pollution and intricate product separation, contributing to the elevated costs of myo-inositol production. In the realm of microbial fermentation, innovative strategies have been implemented to enhance the efficiency of myo-inositol biosynthesis, leveraging the combined utilization of glucose and glycerol in Escherichia coli. Furthermore, the review delves into the intricacies of in vitro cascade enzymatic biocatalysis, encompassing diverse substrate transformations leading to myo-inositol. Detailed insights into the design of various in vitro pathways, enzyme selection, and optimization of catalytic conditions have been thoroughly elucidated.

The review also highlights key challenges that currently impede efficient myo-inositol industrial biomanufacturing and proposes potential perspectives for future advancements. Notably, the development of in vitro enzymatic biosystems characterized by low costs, high volumetric productivity, versatile compatibility, and robust performance holds promise as a pivotal strategy for the future of myo-inositol industrial biomanufacturing.

Myo-inositol production: Advancements, current status, and future prospects

Myo-inositol, a versatile sugar alcohol with a wide range of applications, has witnessed significant demand in recent years. Traditionally produced via chemical acid hydrolysis of phytate, this process is associated with several challenges, including phosphorous pollution, complex product separation, and high costs. Consequently, biotechnological methods have emerged as promising alternatives, offering cost-effective and sustainable approaches utilizing readily available raw materials.

This comprehensive review provides a detailed overview of the recent advancements, current status, and future prospects of myo-inositol production, encompassing traditional chemical acid hydrolysis, microbial fermentation, and in vitro enzymatic biocatalysis.

Conventional chemical acid hydrolysis of phytate: Challenges and limitations

 

Chemical acid hydrolysis of phytate, the primary industrial process for myo-inositol production, involves treating phytate with concentrated acids under elevated temperatures and pressures. This process is associated with several challenges, including:

  • Phosphorous pollution: The acid hydrolysis process generates a significant amount of phosphorous-rich wastewater, which can contribute to environmental pollution if not properly treated.
  • Intricate product separation: The separation of myo-inositol from the complex mixture of products generated during acid hydrolysis is challenging and energy-intensive.
  • High costs: The combined costs of acid procurement, wastewater treatment, and product separation render chemical acid hydrolysis a relatively expensive process for myo-inositol production.

Microbial fermentation: A promising alternative

Microbial fermentation offers a promising alternative to chemical acid hydrolysis for myo-inositol production. This process involves utilizing microorganisms capable of synthesizing myo-inositol from various carbon sources, such as glucose, glycerol, and sucrose.

Recent advances in metabolic engineering have enabled the development of microbial strains with enhanced myo-inositol production capabilities. Notably, the combined utilization of glucose and glycerol in Escherichia coli has been shown to significantly improve myo-inositol production yields.

In vitro enzymatic biocatalysis: A sustainable approach

In vitro enzymatic biocatalysis is a sustainable approach to myo-inositol production that leverages the catalytic power of enzymes to convert various substrates into myo-inositol. This process is characterized by its high selectivity, mild reaction conditions, and low environmental impact.

The design of in vitro enzymatic cascades for myo-inositol production involves the careful selection of enzymes and optimization of catalytic conditions to achieve high yields and productivity.

Synonyms :

 

  • 1L-myo-inositol

 

Config Rule :

 

% 'myo-inositol'


config('myo-inositol',[
        ring([
                car(1,hydroxyl&&hyd;),
                car(2,hyd&&hydroxyl;),
                car(3,hydroxyl&&hyd;),
                car(4,hyd&&hydroxyl;),
                car(5,hydroxyl&&hyd;),
                car(6,hydroxyl&&hyd;)])]).

Smiles String :

 

[C@2H]-1([C@2H]([C@2H]([C@2H]([OH])[C@2H]([C@2H]-1[OH])[OH])[OH])[OH])[OH]

'myo-inositol'

Fischer Diagram :

 

Terminal :

% 'myo-inositol'

c(1,12,(0,nonchiral))-[c(2,left)~,c(6,right)~,o(1,up)~,h(1,down)~],
c(2,12,(0,nonchiral))-[c(3,left)~,c(1,right)~,h(3,up)~,o(2,down)~],
c(3,12,(0,nonchiral))-[c(4,left)~,c(2,right)~,o(3,up)~,h(5,down)~],
c(4,12,(0,nonchiral))-[c(5,left)~,c(3,right)~,h(7,up)~,o(4,down)~],
c(5,12,(0,nonchiral))-[c(6,left)~,c(4,right)~,o(5,up)~,h(9,down)~],
c(6,12,(0,nonchiral))-[c(1,left)~,c(5,right)~,o(6,up)~,h(11,down)~],
h(1,1,(0,nonchiral))-[c(1,up)~],
h(2,1,(0,nonchiral))-[o(1,nil)~],
h(3,1,(0,nonchiral))-[c(2,down)~],
h(4,1,(0,nonchiral))-[o(2,nil)~],
h(5,1,(0,nonchiral))-[c(3,up)~],
h(6,1,(0,nonchiral))-[o(3,nil)~],
h(7,1,(0,nonchiral))-[c(4,down)~],
h(8,1,(0,nonchiral))-[o(4,nil)~],
h(9,1,(0,nonchiral))-[c(5,up)~],
h(10,1,(0,nonchiral))-[o(5,nil)~],
h(11,1,(0,nonchiral))-[c(6,up)~],
h(12,1,(0,nonchiral))-[o(6,nil)~],
o(1,16,(0,nonchiral))-[h(2,nil)~,c(1,down)~],
o(2,16,(0,nonchiral))-[h(4,nil)~,c(2,up)~],
o(3,16,(0,nonchiral))-[h(6,nil)~,c(3,down)~],
o(4,16,(0,nonchiral))-[h(8,nil)~,c(4,up)~],
o(5,16,(0,nonchiral))-[h(10,nil)~,c(5,down)~],
o(6,16,(0,nonchiral))-[h(12,nil)~,c(6,down)~]

The Terminals for all the Config Rules are in Prolog Definite Clause Grammar (DCG) form.They can be checked in the Manual here.

The compound's PDB file can be seen here.